E- Content
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e-
Content
Introduction Electronic
content (e-content) which is also known as digital content refers to the
content or information delivered over network based electronic
devices or that is made available using computer network such as
internet. E-content is becoming popular because of
it’s flexibility of time, place and pace of learning. E-content includes all
kinds of content created and delivered through various electronic media.
E-content is available in many subjects and almost all levels of education.
It can be used by wide variety learners with diverse needs, different
backgrounds, and previous experience and skill levels. It can be shared and
transmitted easily and promptly among unlimited number of users around the
world. Teachers, students and others get benefited by the use of well
designed and developed e-content. It is advantageous to the educational
organizations to make their program accessible to their teachers and students
on campus, home and other community learning or resource centers. It
has a significant implication for open and distance learning
institutions. Development of e-content is a specialized job requiring skills
of a video producer, web designer and instructional designer. However, a
faculty or a scientist involved in teaching and research is perfectly
suitable and capable of preparing basic materials that can be transformed
into e-content with intervention of web designer and professionals with ICT
skills.
Need and Significance:
Today the
entire world is moving speedily towards digitization and we have to learn new
things using new technologies. Access to information has become very easy
because of information sharing on World Wide Web (www). Quality of teaching
and students' learning are determined by the teachers who teach them. Well
trained teachers with required knowledge, skills and commitment can develop
scientific and critical thinking, promote tolerance, and develop cultural and
social values in them. Innovative technologies will make it possible to
achieve these by providing new ways to teachers. But these new technologies
are placing more demands on teachers to learn how to use them in their
teaching and learning processes. This great transformation is posing
challenges to teachers and teacher educators in using technologies in
creative and productive ways. Hence, teachers have to meet these new
challenges by continuously acquiring new knowledge and skills to discharge their
duties effectively. OBJECTIVES
Scope and Significance: The purpose of e-content development
is to create an information rich society. Everyone in the society is
empowered to create, receive, share and utilize information for their
progress. Very well designed, developed and validated e-content will provide
access to high quality meaningful digital content and serve as an effective
virtual teacher. Well- developed e-content can be delivered many times to
different learners. Individual course components i.e. units, lessons and
media elements such as graphics and animations can be re-used in different
contexts. Preparation
of an E – Content on the topic – Vygotky’s Learning Theory Methodology: The process broadly consists of
determining the current status of learner understanding, defining the end
goal of the instructional material and creating some ‘intervention’ to assist
the transition. This systematic approach provides a step by step process for
the analysis of the learners’ needs, the design and development of the
material'. Most common and popular model used for creating instructional
materials is the ADDIE model. This abbreviation stands for the five
phases involved in the model. They are analyze, design, develop,
implement and evaluate. This model is initially developed by Florida State
University to explain the processes involved in the formulation of an
instructional systems development (ISD) program for military inter-service
training. ISD was meant for training individuals to do a particular job. This
can also be applied to any inter-service curriculum development activity.
Originally the model contained several steps under its five original phases
(analyze, design, develop, implement and evaluate). Over the years the steps
were revised and finally the model itself became more dynamic and
interactive. So, the Experimenter chose to ADDIE model design. Analysis: Analysis: It is the
first phase of this model meant for examining the suitability of the
e-content to be developed. It is related to analysing the learning needs,
context, learner, task and content. Analysing the learning needs is
identifying the needs from the perspective of different learners, teachers,
subject experts, practitioner, policy makers etc. Needs are to be clearly
stated. Contextual analysis is collecting data related to the context of
learning such as learning environment. Whether the e-content developed is for
the individual or group, formal or informal, facilitated or self-learning
etc. The context was online class. Learner analysis is collecting data related to learners’ academic
levels and attributes such as skills, motivation, visual literacy, language
competency, learning styles etc. That is nothing but preparing the learner
profile. It helps to know about the learner. Learner: Second Semester D. El. Ed students of Buddha College of
Teacher Education. Task analysis is stating the purposes of developing the
e-content. Deciding whether that is developed for educating, training,
creating awareness, developing skills etc. The content is for educational purpose. Content analysis is nothing but preparing a content outline. Good
content comprehension is required before designing and developing content. It
includes verifying the content with respect to cognitive appropriateness,
factual accuracy, completeness etc. It also includes classifying the content
into facts, concepts, principles, processes and procedures. So, the
experimenter used the content analysis to prepare an e- content on Vygotsky’s Learning Theory. Design: It is concerned with defining the learning objectives, structuring the
content logically, specifying the instructional and evaluation strategies,
and preparing for visual and technical design.
Development: It is related
to the creation of story board. Story board is nothing but
scripting the entire course content. In e-content development the story
board describes step by step script of the final outcome of the e-content
i.e. story board is created to provide a blue print of the course with each
and every detail along with the content notes. The story board is created
based on the objectives and instructional strategies. Here the developers
create and assemble the content assets and learning objects. Programming
and integration of all media elements into a cohesive multimedia package
are the part of this phase. Contents in PowerPoint presentation
Tools used
Implementation: The content was used during teaching practise for
the D. El. Ed second semester. Evaluation: collected
the feedback from educators and students. Limitations: The experimenter could not be included the
simulation because the lack of knowledge of software to create a simulation.
2. Preparation of an E – Content on the
topic Area of a Circle The Experimenter chose to ADDIE
model for designing the miniature form
of an E- content. Analysis: Contextual analysis : Online classes for grade 9 students. Learner analysis: Here Grade 9 students who follow SCERT syllabus
Kerala. Task analysis: The content is for educational purpose. Content analysis : Prepare an e- content on the Area of a circle. Design:
Development: Contents in
PowerPoint presentation
Tools used
Limitations: The experimenter could not be included the
stimulation because the lack of knowledge of software to create a
stimulation. Conclusion: One of the greatest challenges
when developing e-learning courses is the development of the content or
e-learning material as it is not enough to modify the content of a book or
slides that are used in traditional lectures. E-learning content should be
different from the one presented in traditional, face-to-face lectures or
should not be presented for one - hour lectures. The learners using
e-learning materials should be presented with sub-items of the content. So, the experimenter tried to develop a
miniature form of an e- content, which is covering a single topic Vygotsky’s
Learning Theory for D. El. Ed students and from the Grade 9 SCERT Mathematics
syllabus. Reference: 1. Consortium for Educational
Communication; E – Content Development; New Delhi; https://www.iehe.ac.in; 2021
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