E- Content

 

e- Content

 

Introduction

Electronic content (e-content) which is also known as digital content refers to the content or information delivered over network based electronic devices or that is made available using computer network such as internet.  E-content is becoming popular because of it’s flexibility of time, place and pace of learning. E-content includes all kinds of content created and delivered through various electronic media. E-content is available in many subjects and almost all levels of education. It can be used by wide variety learners with diverse needs, different backgrounds, and previous experience and skill levels. It can be shared and transmitted easily and promptly among unlimited number of users around the world. Teachers, students and others get benefited by the use of well designed and developed e-content. It is advantageous to the educational organizations to make their program accessible to their teachers and students on campus, home and other community learning or resource centers.  It has a significant implication for open and distance learning institutions.   

             Development of e-content is a specialized job requiring skills of a video producer, web designer and instructional designer. However, a faculty or a scientist involved in teaching and research is perfectly suitable and capable of preparing basic materials that can be transformed into e-content with intervention of web designer and professionals with ICT skills.

 

Need and Significance:

 

                              Today the entire world is moving speedily towards digitization and we have to learn new things using new technologies. Access to information has become very easy because of information sharing on World Wide Web (www). Quality of teaching and students' learning are determined by the teachers who teach them. Well trained teachers with required knowledge, skills and commitment can develop scientific and critical thinking, promote tolerance, and develop cultural and social values in them. Innovative technologies will make it possible to achieve these by providing new ways to teachers. But these new technologies are placing more demands on teachers to learn how to use them in their teaching and learning processes. This great transformation is posing challenges to teachers and teacher educators in using technologies in creative and productive ways. Hence, teachers have to meet these new challenges by continuously acquiring new knowledge and skills to discharge their duties effectively.

 

OBJECTIVES

  • To understand which and how authoring tools are used in creating e-content .
  • To explain the process of designing and development of e-content.
  • To create e-content for a  topic. 

Scope and Significance:

The purpose of e-content development is to create an information rich society. Everyone in the society is empowered to create, receive, share and utilize information for their progress. Very well designed, developed and validated e-content will provide access to high quality meaningful digital content and serve as an effective virtual teacher. Well- developed e-content can be delivered many times to different learners. Individual course components i.e. units, lessons and media elements such as graphics and animations can be re-used in different contexts.


Preparation of an E – Content on the topic –

 Vygotky’s Learning Theory

Methodology:

The process broadly consists of determining the current status of learner understanding, defining the end goal of the instructional material and creating some ‘intervention’ to assist the transition. This systematic approach provides a step by step process for the analysis of the learners’ needs, the design and development of the material'. Most common and popular model used for creating instructional materials is the ADDIE model. This abbreviation stands for the five phases involved in the model. They are analyze, design, develop, implement and evaluate. This model is initially developed by Florida State University to explain the processes involved in the formulation of an instructional systems development (ISD) program for military inter-service training. ISD was meant for training individuals to do a particular job. This can also be applied to any inter-service curriculum development activity. Originally the model contained several steps under its five original phases (analyze, design, develop, implement and evaluate). Over the years the steps were revised and finally the model itself became more dynamic and interactive. So, the Experimenter chose to ADDIE model design.

Analysis:

Analysis: It is the first phase of this model meant for examining the suitability of the e-content to be developed. It is related to analysing the learning needs, context, learner, task and content. Analysing the learning needs is identifying the needs from the perspective of different learners, teachers, subject experts, practitioner, policy makers etc. Needs are to be clearly stated.

Contextual analysis is collecting data related to the context of learning such as learning environment. Whether the e-content developed is for the individual or group, formal or informal, facilitated or self-learning etc.

The context was online class.

Learner analysis is collecting data related to learners’ academic levels and attributes such as skills, motivation, visual literacy, language competency, learning styles etc. That is nothing but preparing the learner profile. It helps to know about the learner.

Learner: Second Semester D. El. Ed students of Buddha College of Teacher Education.

Task analysis is stating the purposes of developing the e-content. Deciding whether that is developed for educating, training, creating awareness, developing skills etc.

The content is for educational purpose.

Content analysis is nothing but preparing a content outline. Good content comprehension is required before designing and developing content. It includes verifying the content with respect to cognitive appropriateness, factual accuracy, completeness etc. It also includes classifying the content into facts, concepts, principles, processes and procedures. So, the experimenter used the content analysis to prepare an e- content on Vygotsky’s Learning Theory.

Design: It is concerned with defining the learning objectives, structuring the content logically, specifying the instructional and evaluation strategies, and preparing for visual and technical design.

  •  Learning objectives are defined in clear, realistic and measurable terms.. Prepared a detailed content outline in which content is thoroughly analyzed and logically organized.  Content is  structured logically following simple to complex, known to unknown, concrete to abstract, general to specific etc.
  • Instructional strategies are stated clearly. Depending on the learning style and nature of the content it is decided the appropriate instructional strategy. Appropriate media mix that is combination of audio, video, graphics etc is decided.
  • Learner evaluation strategies such as practice, computer marked or tutor marked assessments are specified. The content, assessment tests and exercises match the objectives stated. Provided the information and knowledge required to meet the learning objectives.

Development: It is related to the creation of story board. Story board is nothing but scripting the entire course content. In e-content development the story board describes step by step script of the final outcome of the e-content i.e. story board is created to provide a blue print of the course with each and every detail along with the content notes. The story board is created based on the objectives and instructional strategies. Here the developers create and assemble the content assets and learning objects. Programming and integration of all media elements into a cohesive multimedia package are the part of this phase.

 Contents in PowerPoint presentation

Slide  2

Title

Slide 3

Objectives

Slides  4,5,6,7,8,9,10

Key terms

Slide 11

New terms

Slide 12 -25

Development of the content

Slide 15

Uploaded Video (you tube)

Slide 26

Activity

Slide 27

Review

Slide 28

Assessment

Slide 29

Reference

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tools used

Tools

Uses

PowerPoint

To develop content

Forms. app

Feedback

Typing

Easy Malayalam typing (online)

 

 

 

 

 Implementation:

The content was used during teaching practise for the D. El. Ed second semester.

Evaluation: collected the feedback from educators and students.

Limitations:

The experimenter could not be included the simulation because the lack of knowledge of software to create a simulation.

 

2.  Preparation of an E – Content on the topic Area of a Circle

 

The Experimenter chose to ADDIE model for designing the miniature  form of an E- content.

Analysis:

Contextual analysis : Online classes for grade 9 students.

Learner analysis: Here Grade 9 students who follow SCERT syllabus Kerala.

Task analysis: The content is for educational purpose.

Content analysis : Prepare an e- content on the Area of a circle.

Design: 

  • Learning objectives are defined in clear, realistic and measurable terms.. Prepared a detailed content outline in which content is thoroughly analyzed and logically organized.  Content is  structured logically following simple to complex, known to unknown, concrete to abstract, general to specific etc.
  • Instructional strategies are stated clearly. Depending on the learning style and nature of the content it is decided the appropriate instructional strategy. Appropriate media mix that is combination of audio, video, graphics, animation; simulation etc is decided.
  • Learner evaluation strategies such as practice, computer marked or tutor marked assessments are specified. The content, assessment tests and exercises match the objectives stated. Provided the information and knowledge required to meet the learning objectives.

Development:

Contents in PowerPoint presentation

Slide 1

Title

Slide 2

Objectives

Slides 3, 4,5,6,7,8,9

Key terms

Slide 10

New term

Slide 11,12

Development of the content

Slide 13

Video

Slide 14

Derived Equation

Slide 15, 16,17

Example questions

Slide 18

Assessment

Slide 19

Reference

Tools used

Tools

Uses

PowerPoint

To develop content

Video pad

For editing video

Video pad

For editing audio

forms.app

Assessment

Forms.app

Feedback

 

 

Limitations:

The experimenter could not be included the stimulation because the lack of knowledge of software to create a stimulation.

 Conclusion:

                   One of the greatest challenges when developing e-learning courses is the development of the content or e-learning material as it is not enough to modify the content of a book or slides that are used in traditional lectures. E-learning content should be different from the one presented in traditional, face-to-face lectures or should not be presented for one - hour lectures. The learners using e-learning materials should be presented with sub-items of the content. So, the experimenter tried to develop a miniature form of an e- content, which is covering a single topic Vygotsky’s Learning Theory for D. El. Ed students and from the Grade 9 SCERT Mathematics syllabus.

 Reference:

1.    Consortium for Educational Communication; E – Content Development; New Delhi; https://www.iehe.ac.in;  2021

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sl. No.

Content

Pg. No.

1.

Introduction

1

2.

Objective

2

3.

Preparation of an E – Content on the topic

 Vygotky’s Learning Theory

 

3

4.

Preparation of an E – Content on the topic Area of a Circle

 

8

 

Reference

 

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